The batch reactor is the generic term for a type of vessel widely used in the process industries. Its name is something of a misnomer since vessels of this type are used for a variety of process operations such as solids dissolution, product mixing, chemical reactions, batch distillation, crystallization, liquid/liquid extraction and polymerization. In some cases, they are not referred to as reactors but have a name which reflects the role they perform (such as crystallizer, or bioreactor).

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A bioreactor is a controlled environment or vessel designed for the cultivation and growth of biological cells, tissues, or organisms under carefully regulated conditions. It provides a suitable environment for biological processes such as fermentation, cell culture, or bioconversion to occur. Bioreactors can range from small laboratory-scale systems to large industrial-scale units and are used in various fields including biotechnology, pharmaceuticals, agriculture, and environmental engineering for applications such as production of therapeutic proteins, biofuel generation, or wastewater treatment. Select